Indonesian National Anthem: English Translation, Original Lyrics and History
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What is National Anthem of Indonesia?
Indonesia Raya is the national anthem of Indonesia. The song was first introduced by the composer , Wage Rudolf Soepratman , on 28 October 1928 during the Youth Congress in Batavia or Jakarta.
This song marks the birth of the nationalism movement across Indonesia and then supported the idea of one “Indonesia” as successor to the Dutch East Indies , rather than divided into several colonies.
When did it become Indonesia’s national anthem?
When Indonesia gained its independence on August 17, 1945, the song Indonesia Raya was chosen as the national anthem. At the raising of the flag, Indonesia Raya was played. The Indonesian flag was raised with solemnity, the motion choreographed such that it would have reached the top of the flag pole by the time the song had finished. Every year on August 17th, Indonesia celebrates its independence with this flag-raising ritual. Istana Merdeka (Merdeka Palace) is the site of the yearly event, which is presided over by the President of Indonesia.
Who is Wage Rudolf Soepratman?
Wage Rudolf Soepratmatn is responsible for creating Indonesia Raya, as was noted up top. When W.R. Soepratman was a child, his father, Senen, served in Battalion VIII as a sergeant. A brother and five sisters rounded out Soepratman's sibling group of six. Somebody among them went by the name of Roekijem. Soepratman followed Roekijem to Makassar in 1914. Willem Van Eldik, Roekijem's husband, paid for and supported his education at Makassar.
Willem Van Eldik, Soepratman's brother-in-law, taught him how to play the violin and how to create music while the two were living together in Makassar. He was once in Jakarta and decided to read an essay that was published in Timbul. The article's author issued a call to Indonesian musicians to write a new national song.
With his confidence in his abilities bolstered, Soepratman began writing music. In 1924, at the age of 21, he created the hit song Indonesia Raya while living in Bandung.
The second Youth Conference took place in Jakarta in October 1928. The Congress resulted in the creation of the Youth Pledge, a set of commitments by young Indonesians to maintain their country's solidarity. Soepratman performed his instrumental song in front of the general attendees on the final night of the convention, October 28, 1928.
At Soegondo's suggestion, he played only the song's instrument on a violin, which was appropriate given the time and place. At that moment, Indonesia Raya debuted its first single. Everyone at the congress was taken aback by the news. This song quickly rose to prominence within national movements. The song Indonesia Raya was always sung at political party conventions. This song represents the spirit of togetherness and the determination to achieve Indonesian independence.
Song Description
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The words are structured as an octave (or two strong ones) and a sextet, giving the song a total of 14 lines. The sonnet itself has been popular in Europe since the Renaissance, but the use of this form is considered "ahead of its time" (avant garde).
Five years after the echoes stopped, new artists started using the sonnet as a means of artistic expression, thus clearly the use of the sonnet inspired them.
Indonesia Raya's lyrics are written as a cycle of shawls or traditional poetry, similar to the style used by Master Walmiki in his Ramayana epics. Indonesia Raya's lyrics were so effective at galvanizing the country that it was quickly outlawed by the Dutch, at which point it only grew in popularity and became a rallying cry for Indonesians.
Indonesia National Anthem Lyrics in Indonesian
Indonesia, tanah airku
Tanah tumpah darahku
Di sanalah aku berdiri
Jadi pandu ibuku
Indonesia, kebangsaanku
Bangsa dan tanah airku
Marilah kita berseru
Indonesia bersatu!
Hiduplah tanahku, hiduplah negeriku
Bangsaku, rakyatku, semuanya
Bangunlah jiwanya, bangunlah badannya
Untuk Indonesia Raya
Indonesia Raya, merdeka! Merdeka!
Tanahku, negeriku yang kucinta
Indonesia Raya, merdeka! Merdeka!
Hiduplah Indonesia Raya!
Indonesia, tanah yang mulia
Tanah kita yang kaya
Di sanalah aku berdiri
Untuk selama-lamanya
Indonesia, tanah pusaka
Pusaka kita semuanya
Marilah kita mendoa
“Indonesia bahagia!”
Suburlah tanahnya, suburlah jiwanya
Bangsanya, rakyatnya, semuanya
Sadarlah hatinya, sadarlah budinya
Untuk Indonesia Raya
Indonesia Raya…
Indonesia, tanah yang suci
Tanah kita yang sakti
Di sanalah aku berdiri
Menjaga ibu sejati
Indonesia, tanah berseri
Tanah yang aku sayangi
Marilah kita berjanji
“Indonesia abadi!”
Selamatlah rakyatnya, selamatlah putranya
Pulaunya, lautnya, semuanya
Majulah negerinya, majulah pandunya
Untuk Indonesia Raya
Indonesia Raya…
Indonesia National Anthem Lyrics in English Version
Indonesia, cherished land!
‘Tis for thee we shed our blood,
On guard for thee we stand,
In thee we put our trust
Indonesians, our people!
Each other we do uphold,
In declaration wholesale:
To each other be true!
Let her valiant people and her pure lands,
Let her mighty peaks and prodigious sands,
In body, in spirit, let them all arise,
For Indonesia the Great!
Indonesia the Great, be free! Be free!
These isles of ours beloved dearly!
Indonesia the Great, be free! Be free!
For Indonesia the Great!
Indonesia, land sublime,
Fore’er bountiful and free,
Where our roots we shall plant,
For millenia to stand
Indonesia, land of inher’tance,
Entrusted to us all,
For one thing we do ask,
Strengthened be our esperance!
Fertile are her fields, holy her soul
From Sabang to Merauke, hear the call!
With hearts awakened, with goodwill served,
For Indonesia the Great!
Indonesia the Great…
Indonesia, land so pure,
A land mighty with resolve,
To thee we pledge allegiance,
Our sole unending love
Indonesia, resplendent land,
Patriot love in us command,
Foremost in our hearts and minds,
Indonesia, fore’er to stand!
May her people, her land, may her peaks and her sands,
From sea to seas, in peace be,
May they all then advance, may they all then commence,
For Indonesia the Great!
Indonesia the Great…
National symbols of Indonesia
National Coat Of Arms Of Indonesia
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In Indonesia, a Garuda (a big legendary bird) and a heraldic shield come together to form the national emblem, Garuda Pancasila. The Garuda holds a scroll with the national motto "Bhinneka tunggal ika" on it, while the five portions of the shield reflect the five Pancasila ideals of Indonesia's national philosophy. (The concept of "unity in diversity"). The Hindu kingdom, which ruled the island before it was colonized, is symbolized on the coat of arms by the Garuda (mythical eagle). The bird's gold color represents glory and greatness, and its power and might are emblematic of that. Garuda's feathers are strategically arranged to commemorate Indonesia's independence day (August 17, 1945)
17 feathers on each wing
8 feathers on the tail
19 feathers below the shield
45 feathers on the neck
National Flag
The ratio of the height to the width of the Indonesian flag is 2:3. There are two equally spaced horizontal bars of red (at the top) and white (at the bottom). The flag was officially established in 1950, but it was first adopted and flown on August 17, 1945, after the proclamation of Indonesian independence.
The Indonesian National Revolution's diplomatic and armed opposition against Dutch colonial rule began on this day. In 1949, it was the catalyst for full independence. The flags of Indonesia and Monaco are visually interchangeable. The size ratio of the two flags is the only distinguishing feature between them. The flag of Poland looks somewhat similar, but the colors are backwards, with white on top and red on the bottom.
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The connotations of the red and white in Indonesia's flag are up for debate. Others have hypothesized that these hues were inspired by the flag of the Majapahit Empire. It dominated the area from 1293 to 1500 as a thalassocracy from the island of Java in Indonesia.
Thus, the red bar symbolizes the physical form, while the white bar stands for the immaterial spirit. Yet, the red and white pataka (a long flag flown from a bamboo pole) is attested to have been in use even before the Majapahit Empire came to power. According to some, the Indonesian flag's red and white colors represent Mother Earth and Father Sky, respectively, in Austronesian mythology. Flags in the Austronesian region often use these colors because of the second belief.
National motto
In Indonesia, we live by the motto Bhinneka Tunggal Ika. Unity in diversity is the literal translation of this Ancient Javanese adage.
Specifically noted in article 36A of the Constitution of Indonesia, it is also inscribed in the Garuda Pancasila, the Indonesian national symbol (on the scroll held by the Garuda's claws).
This is a line from Mpu Tantular's Kakawin Sutasoma, an Old Javanese poem composed during the 14th century during the rule of the Majapahit empire. The epic poetry in Kakawin are written in meter. Among the many things that make this poem noteworthy is the message of religious tolerance it conveys between Hindus (Shivaites) and Buddhists.
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