Full List of 19 Individuals Awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom: Controversies

(L) Bill Nye at the Seventh Annual Blue Jacket Fashion Show on February 1, 2023; (M) Jane Goodall is seen during her wax figure unveiling at Musee Grevin on December 01, 2023; and (R) Anna Wintour at the opening night of the new revival of the musica

President Joe Biden awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the highest civilian honor in the United States, to 19 distinguished individuals. This accolade recognizes those who have made exceptional contributions to the prosperity, values, or security of the United States, world peace, or other significant societal endeavors. The ceremony, held at the White House, celebrated a diverse group of honorees from various fields, including public service, entertainment, sports, science, and activism.

Controversies Surrounding the Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipients

While the Presidential Medal of Freedom honors extraordinary contributions to society, the 2025 list of recipients has not been without controversy. Critics have raised questions about some selections, highlighting political biases, industrial representation, and personal controversies that accompany the recognition of high-profile individuals.

Political Bias Allegations

The inclusion of figures such as Hillary Clinton and George Soros has drawn criticism from conservative circles. Clinton, a trailblazing public servant, is also a polarizing figure due to her role in contentious issues like U.S. foreign policy and the 2016 presidential election. Similarly, Soros, known for his extensive philanthropy and progressive advocacy, has long been a target of conservative criticism, with detractors arguing his recognition reflects political favoritism.

Industry Representation

Figures like Lionel Messi and Anna Wintour have also sparked debate. Messi, celebrated as one of the greatest soccer players of all time, has faced questions about whether his athletic achievements align with the medal's intent to recognize societal or cultural contributions. Meanwhile, Wintour’s status as a fashion icon and philanthropist has raised concerns among critics who argue that her impact, while notable, does not parallel the humanitarian or civic achievements of other recipients.

José Andrés’s Photo Controversy

Even José Andrés, widely lauded for his humanitarian work with World Central Kitchen, has faced scrutiny due to a photo that surfaced of him posing with Ryan Wesley Routh, the man accused of attempting to assassinate former President Donald Trump at Trump’s golf club in West Palm Beach, Florida. Critics have used the incident to question Andrés’s judgment, though his supporters argue the photo was incidental and taken at a public event where Andrés had no knowledge of Routh's background or intentions. Andrés has since distanced himself from the controversy, reaffirming his focus on combating global hunger.

Posthumous Honors and Historical Legacies

The posthumous awards for Fannie Lou Hamer, Robert F. Kennedy, and George Romney have reignited debates about how history is interpreted through modern values. While these figures made significant contributions to civil rights and public service, some question whether their legacies fully align with contemporary ideals. Proponents argue their inclusion honors their foundational work in justice and equality.

Here is the list of the 19 recipients:

1. José Andrés

Medal of Freedom Recipient Chef Jose Andres Posed For A Photo With Accused Trump Assassin Ryan Routh

José Andrés is a Spanish-American chef renowned for popularizing the concept of tapas in the United States. Beyond his culinary achievements, Andrés is a humanitarian icon. He founded World Central Kitchen (WCK), a nonprofit organization that provides meals in disaster-stricken areas worldwide. WCK has served over 200 million meals globally, aiding victims of hurricanes, wildfires, and conflicts, including the war in Ukraine. Andrés’s belief that "food is a basic human right" has inspired his mission to combat hunger and restore dignity to those in crisis.

Learn more: Who is Chef Jose Andres? Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipient Posed For A Photo With Accused Trump Assassin

2. Bono

Bono, the legendary frontman of the rock band U2, is as well-known for his activism as his music. A champion against AIDS and poverty, Bono played a pivotal role in creating the U.S. PEPFAR AIDS program, which has saved millions of lives. He also co-founded the campaigning organizations ONE and (RED), which focus on fighting global poverty and preventable diseases. Bono’s efforts have brought together politicians across party lines to support critical humanitarian initiatives.

3. Ashton Baldwin Carter (Posthumous)

Ash Carter, who served as the 25th Secretary of Defense, dedicated his life to national security. Known for his bipartisan approach, he worked under 11 Secretaries of Defense across Democratic and Republican administrations. Carter spearheaded policies to modernize U.S. defense systems and improve cybersecurity. He also played a key role in dismantling terrorist organizations, making the U.S. and the world safer.

4. Hillary Rodham Clinton

former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton

Hillary Clinton has spent decades breaking barriers. She was the first First Lady elected to the U.S. Senate, where she championed healthcare and women’s rights. Later, she served as Secretary of State, strengthening U.S. alliances and promoting democracy worldwide. In 2016, Clinton became the first woman nominated for president by a major U.S. political party, cementing her legacy as a trailblazer for gender equality.

5. Michael J. Fox

An acclaimed actor with five Emmy Awards and four Golden Globes, Michael J. Fox has transcended Hollywood through his advocacy for Parkinson’s disease research. After being diagnosed in 1991, Fox established the Michael J. Fox Foundation, which has become the world’s largest nonprofit funder of Parkinson’s research. His optimism and resilience continue to inspire millions.

6. Tim Gill

Tim Gill, a software entrepreneur, is a leading advocate for LGBTQI rights. After revolutionizing the publishing industry with his groundbreaking software, Gill directed his wealth toward philanthropy. His foundation has provided critical support for the fight for marriage equality and anti-discrimination protections. His contributions have reshaped the legal landscape for LGBTQI individuals in the U.S.7. Jane Goodall

Dr. Jane Goodall is a world-renowned primatologist and conservationist whose groundbreaking research transformed our understanding of chimpanzees. Goodall founded the Jane Goodall Institute, which works to protect wildlife and empower local communities. She remains a global advocate for sustainability, urging people to protect the planet for future generations.

8. Fannie Lou Hamer (Posthumous)

Fannie Lou Hamer was a pioneering civil rights leader and founder of the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party. She fought to ensure Black Americans had a voice in the political system, challenging systemic racism and laying the groundwork for the 1965 Voting Rights Act. Her legacy continues to inspire those fighting for racial equality.

9. Earvin "Magic" Johnson

Magic Johnson is a basketball legend who led the Los Angeles Lakers to five championships. Off the court, he has become a successful entrepreneur and philanthropist, investing in underserved communities. His Magic Johnson Foundation focuses on HIV/AIDS awareness and education, providing critical resources to marginalized populations.

10. Robert Francis Kennedy (Posthumous)

As Attorney General, Robert F. Kennedy fiercely opposed racial segregation, helping to advance civil rights during the 1960s. As a U.S. Senator, he worked to combat poverty and inequality. His compassionate leadership and dedication to justice continue to inspire generations.

11. Ralph Lauren

Ralph Lauren, one of the most influential fashion designers in history, redefined American style with his timeless and elegant designs. Beyond fashion, Lauren is a philanthropist who has supported cancer research and cultural preservation, including efforts to restore the Star-Spangled Banner.

12. Lionel Messi

Arguably the greatest soccer player of all time, Lionel Messi has inspired millions with his skill and sportsmanship. Off the field, Messi supports healthcare and education for children through the Leo Messi Foundation and serves as a UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador, addressing global inequality.

Learn more: Lionel Messi: A Busy Year 2025? Why he unable to attend Presidential Medal of Freedom ceremony

13. William Sanford Nye

Known as “Bill Nye the Science Guy,” William Nye has dedicated his career to making science accessible to the public. As CEO of the Planetary Society, Nye champions space exploration and environmental stewardship, inspiring generations to embrace science and innovation.

14. George W. Romney (Posthumous)

George Romney was a businessman who transformed the automotive industry before serving as Governor of Michigan and Secretary of Housing and Urban Development. He championed affordable housing and civil rights, leaving a lasting impact on American politics and policy.

15. David M. Rubenstein

David Rubenstein is a philanthropist and co-founder of The Carlyle Group, one of the world’s most successful investment firms. He has donated millions to the restoration of historic landmarks, including the Lincoln Memorial, and supported educational and cultural initiatives across the U.S.

16. George Soros

George Soros, an investor and philanthropist, founded the Open Society Foundations, which work to promote democracy, human rights, and social justice in over 120 countries. His generosity has empowered countless individuals and communities to fight for equality and freedom.

17. George Stevens, Jr.

George Stevens, Jr. is a celebrated filmmaker and founder of the American Film Institute. He created the Kennedy Center Honors, which celebrates the best in American performing arts. His work has preserved and promoted American culture for decades.

18. Denzel Washington

Denzel Washington, an actor and filmmaker, has won two Academy Awards, a Tony Award, and numerous accolades for his contributions to film and theater. As National Spokesman for the Boys & Girls Clubs of America, he has supported youth development for over 25 years.

19. Anna Wintour

As editor-in-chief of Vogue since 1988, Anna Wintour has shaped global fashion and culture. She is the driving force behind the annual Met Gala, which raises millions for the Metropolitan Museum of Art. Her philanthropy extends to education and cancer research.

Conclusion

The 19 recipients of the Presidential Medal of Freedom exemplify the values of leadership, service, and innovation. From public service and activism to sports, science, and the arts, their contributions have made the United States and the world a better place. These individuals remind us that greatness is not just about achievements but also about the positive impact we have on others.